Geoffrey Chaucer
translation: A. S. Kline

TROILUS AND CRESSIDA
Book I: Troilus's Love
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Notes to Book I

BkI:1 Tisiphone: One of the three Furies, The Eumenides, in Greek mythology. The Three Sisters, were Alecto, Tisiphone and Megaera, the daughters of Night and Uranus. They were the personified pangs of cruel conscience that pursued the guilty. (See Aeschylus – The Eumenides.) Chaucer invokes her as his Muse, and invokes her again in Bk IV:4 along with her sisters.

BkI:21 Dares and Dictys: Two supposed eye-witnesses of the war at Troy. To Dares the Phrygian was ascribed De Excidio Troaie Historia (The History of the Fall of Troy) a late sixth century Latin text. To Dictys the Cretan was ascribed the Ephemeris Belli Troiani (A Calendar of the Trojan War) a fourth century text. These works are the basis of the medieval Trojan legends.

BkI:23 Palladion: The Palladium, the sacred image of Pallas, supposed to save Troy from defeat, and stolen by Ulysses and Diomede.

BkI:25 First Letter: A reference to Anne of Bohemia wife of Richard II, indicating the poem was written after their marriage in 1382.

BkI:32 Bayard:A generic name for a carthorse.

BkI:57 Lollius:Chaucer’s work was based not on the works of the fictitious Lollius, but on Boccaccio’s poem Il Filostrato, deriving some lines and words closely from the Italian and also from a French translation by Beauveau.

BkI:58 ‘If no love is..’: An adaptation of Petrarch’s poem 132 from the Canzoniere. (S’amor non (...)

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